COMMON ANALYSIS
Last update: January 2025
Criminal gangs are involved in trafficking in human beings that take various forms such as forced labour, domestic servitude, forced marriage, trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation within Iran as well as to Iraq. Also, trafficking of human organs and blood in criminal markets takes place in major cities like Tehran, Shiraz and Tabriz. Efforts have been made by the Iranian authorities to combat trafficking in human beings that led to organ removal. [COI Human Rights, 1.7]
A real risk of violent crime, such as violence related to trafficking in human beings, trafficking of human organs, and drug trafficking, would meet the requirements under Article 15(b) QD/QR.
Where there is no nexus to a reason for persecution under the refugee definition, and there is a reasonable degree of likelihood for the individual to face violent crime, this risk would qualify under Article 15(b) QD/QR.
Please also refer to Other actors under Actors of persecution or serious harm, and Women and girls for violence linked to trafficking in women and girls.
Exclusion considerations could be relevant to this profile, as persons involved in Iranian Armed Forces may have been involved in excludable acts. See Exclusion.
See other contents related to Torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment: